space-android/app/src/main/java/com/owncloud/android/MainApp.java

/*
 * ownCloud Android client application
 *
 * @author masensio
 * @author David A. Velasco
 * @author Chris Narkiewicz
 * @author TSI-mc
 * Copyright (C) 2015 ownCloud Inc.
 * Copyright (C) 2019 Chris Narkiewicz <hello@ezaquarii.com>
 * Copyright (C) 2023 TSI-mc
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2,
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
package com.owncloud.android;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.ActivityManager;
import android.app.Application;
import android.app.NotificationChannel;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.StrictMode;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.view.WindowManager;

import com.nextcloud.appReview.InAppReviewHelper;
import com.nextcloud.client.account.User;
import com.nextcloud.client.account.UserAccountManager;
import com.nextcloud.client.appinfo.AppInfo;
import com.nextcloud.client.core.Clock;
import com.nextcloud.client.device.PowerManagementService;
import com.nextcloud.client.di.ActivityInjector;
import com.nextcloud.client.di.AppComponent;
import com.nextcloud.client.di.DaggerAppComponent;
import com.nextcloud.client.errorhandling.ExceptionHandler;
import com.nextcloud.client.jobs.BackgroundJobManager;
import com.nextcloud.client.logger.LegacyLoggerAdapter;
import com.nextcloud.client.logger.Logger;
import com.nextcloud.client.migrations.MigrationsManager;
import com.nextcloud.client.network.ConnectivityService;
import com.nextcloud.client.network.WalledCheckCache;
import com.nextcloud.client.onboarding.OnboardingService;
import com.nextcloud.client.preferences.AppPreferences;
import com.nextcloud.client.preferences.AppPreferencesImpl;
import com.nextcloud.client.preferences.DarkMode;
import com.nmc.android.ui.LauncherActivity;
import com.owncloud.android.authentication.AuthenticatorActivity;
import com.owncloud.android.authentication.PassCodeManager;
import com.owncloud.android.datamodel.ArbitraryDataProvider;
import com.owncloud.android.datamodel.ArbitraryDataProviderImpl;
import com.owncloud.android.datamodel.MediaFolder;
import com.owncloud.android.datamodel.MediaFolderType;
import com.owncloud.android.datamodel.MediaProvider;
import com.owncloud.android.datamodel.SyncedFolder;
import com.owncloud.android.datamodel.SyncedFolderProvider;
import com.owncloud.android.datamodel.ThumbnailsCacheManager;
import com.owncloud.android.datamodel.UploadsStorageManager;
import com.owncloud.android.datastorage.DataStorageProvider;
import com.owncloud.android.datastorage.StoragePoint;
import com.owncloud.android.lib.common.OwnCloudClientManagerFactory;
import com.owncloud.android.lib.common.utils.Log_OC;
import com.owncloud.android.lib.resources.status.NextcloudVersion;
import com.owncloud.android.lib.resources.status.OwnCloudVersion;
import com.owncloud.android.ui.activity.SyncedFoldersActivity;
import com.owncloud.android.ui.notifications.NotificationUtils;
import com.owncloud.android.utils.DisplayUtils;
import com.owncloud.android.utils.FilesSyncHelper;
import com.owncloud.android.utils.PermissionUtil;
import com.owncloud.android.utils.ReceiversHelper;
import com.owncloud.android.utils.SecurityUtils;
import com.owncloud.android.utils.theme.ViewThemeUtils;

import org.conscrypt.Conscrypt;
import org.greenrobot.eventbus.EventBus;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.Security;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.inject.Inject;
import javax.inject.Provider;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngine;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.StringRes;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AlertDialog;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatDelegate;
import androidx.core.util.Pair;
import androidx.multidex.MultiDexApplication;
import dagger.android.AndroidInjector;
import dagger.android.DispatchingAndroidInjector;
import dagger.android.HasAndroidInjector;
import de.cotech.hw.SecurityKeyManager;
import de.cotech.hw.SecurityKeyManagerConfig;
import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.annotations.SuppressFBWarnings;

import static com.owncloud.android.ui.activity.ContactsPreferenceActivity.PREFERENCE_CONTACTS_AUTOMATIC_BACKUP;


/**
 * Main Application of the project
 * <p>
 * Contains methods to build the "static" strings. These strings were before constants in different classes
 */
public class MainApp extends MultiDexApplication implements HasAndroidInjector {
    public static final OwnCloudVersion OUTDATED_SERVER_VERSION = NextcloudVersion.nextcloud_23;
    public static final OwnCloudVersion MINIMUM_SUPPORTED_SERVER_VERSION = OwnCloudVersion.nextcloud_16;

    private static final String TAG = MainApp.class.getSimpleName();
    public static final String DOT = ".";

    private static Context mContext;

    private static String storagePath;

    private static boolean mOnlyOnDevice;

    @Inject
    protected AppPreferences preferences;

    @Inject
    protected DispatchingAndroidInjector<Object> dispatchingAndroidInjector;

    @Inject
    protected UserAccountManager accountManager;

    @Inject
    protected UploadsStorageManager uploadsStorageManager;

    @Inject
    protected OnboardingService onboarding;

    @Inject
    ConnectivityService connectivityService;

    @Inject PowerManagementService powerManagementService;

    @Inject
    Logger logger;

    @Inject
    AppInfo appInfo;

    @Inject
    BackgroundJobManager backgroundJobManager;

    @Inject
    Clock clock;

    @Inject
    EventBus eventBus;

    @Inject
    MigrationsManager migrationsManager;

    @Inject
    InAppReviewHelper inAppReviewHelper;

    @Inject
    PassCodeManager passCodeManager;

    @Inject WalledCheckCache walledCheckCache;

    // workaround because injection is initialized on onAttachBaseContext
    // and getApplicationContext is null at that point, which crashes when getting current user
    @Inject Provider<ViewThemeUtils> viewThemeUtilsProvider;
    private ViewThemeUtils viewThemeUtils;

    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    private boolean mBound;

    private static AppComponent appComponent;

    /**
     * Temporary hack
     */
    private static void initGlobalContext(Context context) {
        mContext = context;
    }

    /**
     * Temporary getter replacing Dagger DI
     * TODO: remove when cleaning DI in NContentObserverJob
     */
    public AppPreferences getPreferences() {
        return preferences;
    }

    /**
     * Temporary getter replacing Dagger DI
     * TODO: remove when cleaning DI in NContentObserverJob
     */
    public PowerManagementService getPowerManagementService() {
        return powerManagementService;
    }

    private String getAppProcessName() {
        String processName = "";
        if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.P) {
            ActivityManager manager = (ActivityManager) this.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
            final int ownPid = android.os.Process.myPid();
            final List<ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo> processes = manager.getRunningAppProcesses();
            if (processes != null) {
                for (ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo info : processes) {
                    if (info.pid == ownPid) {
                        processName = info.processName;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            processName = Application.getProcessName();
        }
        return processName;
    }

    @Override
    protected void attachBaseContext(Context base) {
        super.attachBaseContext(base);

        initGlobalContext(this);
        initDagger();

        // we don't want to handle crashes occurring inside crash reporter activity/process;
        // let the platform deal with those
        final boolean isCrashReportingProcess = getAppProcessName().endsWith(":crash");

        if (!isCrashReportingProcess && !appInfo.isDebugBuild()) {
            Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler defaultPlatformHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();

            if (defaultPlatformHandler != null) {
                final ExceptionHandler crashReporter = new ExceptionHandler(this,
                                                                            defaultPlatformHandler);
                Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(crashReporter);
            }
        }
    }

    private void initDagger() {
        appComponent = DaggerAppComponent.builder()
            .application(this)
            .build();

        appComponent.inject(this);
    }

    /**
     * <b>USE SPARINGLY!</b> This should only be used for injection of Theme classes in custom Views, and they need to
     * be added as methods in the {@link AppComponent} itself.
     * <p>
     * Once we adopt Hilt this won't be necessary either, as View is a supported target in Hilt.
     *
     * @return the {@link AppComponent} for this app
     */
    public static AppComponent getAppComponent() {
        if (appComponent == null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Dagger not initialized!");
        }
        return appComponent;
    }

    @SuppressFBWarnings("ST")
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        enableStrictMode();

        viewThemeUtils = viewThemeUtilsProvider.get();

        setAppTheme(preferences.getDarkThemeMode());
        super.onCreate();

        insertConscrypt();

        initSecurityKeyManager();

        registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(new ActivityInjector());

        //update the app restart count when app is launched by the user
        inAppReviewHelper.resetAndIncrementAppRestartCounter();

        int startedMigrationsCount = migrationsManager.startMigration();
        logger.i(TAG, String.format(Locale.US, "Started %d migrations", startedMigrationsCount));

        new SecurityUtils();
        DisplayUtils.useCompatVectorIfNeeded();

        fixStoragePath();

        MainApp.storagePath = preferences.getStoragePath(getApplicationContext().getFilesDir().getAbsolutePath());

        OwnCloudClientManagerFactory.setUserAgent(getUserAgent());

        // initialise thumbnails cache on background thread
        new ThumbnailsCacheManager.InitDiskCacheTask().execute();


        if (BuildConfig.DEBUG || getApplicationContext().getResources().getBoolean(R.bool.logger_enabled)) {
            // use app writable dir, no permissions needed
            Log_OC.setLoggerImplementation(new LegacyLoggerAdapter(logger));
            Log_OC.d("Debug", "start logging");
        }

        try {
            Method m = StrictMode.class.getMethod("disableDeathOnFileUriExposure");
            m.invoke(null);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log_OC.d("Debug", "Failed to disable uri exposure");
        }

        initSyncOperations(preferences,
                           uploadsStorageManager,
                           accountManager,
                           connectivityService,
                           powerManagementService,
                           backgroundJobManager,
                           clock,
                           viewThemeUtils,
                           walledCheckCache);
        initContactsBackup(accountManager, backgroundJobManager);
        notificationChannels();

        backgroundJobManager.scheduleMediaFoldersDetectionJob();
        backgroundJobManager.startMediaFoldersDetectionJob();

        registerGlobalPassCodeProtection();
    }

    private void registerGlobalPassCodeProtection() {
        registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(new ActivityLifecycleCallbacks() {

            @Override
            public void onActivityCreated(@NonNull Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                Log_OC.d(activity.getClass().getSimpleName(), "onCreate(Bundle) starting");
                onboarding.launchActivityIfNeeded(activity);
            }

            @Override
            public void onActivityStarted(@NonNull Activity activity) {
                Log_OC.d(activity.getClass().getSimpleName(), "onStart() starting");
            }

            @Override
            public void onActivityResumed(@NonNull Activity activity) {
                Log_OC.d(activity.getClass().getSimpleName(), "onResume() starting");
                // we are checking activity is not launcher activity because there is timer in launcher
                // which will reopen the passcode screen
                if (!(activity instanceof LauncherActivity)) {
                    passCodeManager.onActivityResumed(activity);
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onActivityPaused(@NonNull Activity activity) {
                Log_OC.d(activity.getClass().getSimpleName(), "onPause() ending");
            }

            @Override
            public void onActivityStopped(@NonNull Activity activity) {
                Log_OC.d(activity.getClass().getSimpleName(), "onStop() ending");
                // since we are not showing passcode on launch activity
                // so we don't need to call the stopped method as well
                if (!(activity instanceof LauncherActivity)) {
                    passCodeManager.onActivityStopped(activity);
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(@NonNull Activity activity, @NonNull Bundle outState) {
                Log_OC.d(activity.getClass().getSimpleName(), "onSaveInstanceState(Bundle) starting");
            }

            @Override
            public void onActivityDestroyed(@NonNull Activity activity) {
                Log_OC.d(activity.getClass().getSimpleName(), "onDestroy() ending");
            }
        });
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private void initSecurityKeyManager() {
        SecurityKeyManager securityKeyManager = SecurityKeyManager.getInstance();
        final SecurityKeyManagerConfig.Builder configBuilder = new SecurityKeyManagerConfig.Builder()
            .setEnableDebugLogging(BuildConfig.DEBUG);

        try {
            // exclude all activities except AuthenticatorActivity
            final PackageManager pm = this.getPackageManager();
            final PackageInfo info = pm.getPackageInfo(this.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
            final ActivityInfo[] activities = info.activities;
            for (ActivityInfo activityInfo : activities) {
                try {
                    final Class<? extends Activity> aClass = (Class<? extends Activity>) Class.forName(activityInfo.name);
                    if (aClass != AuthenticatorActivity.class) {
                        configBuilder.addExcludedActivityClass(aClass);
                    }
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException | ClassCastException e) {
                    Log_OC.e(TAG, "Couldn't disable activity for security key listener", e);
                }
            }
        } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
            Log_OC.e(TAG, "Couldn't disable activities for security key listener", e);
        }


        securityKeyManager.init(this, configBuilder.build());
    }

    public static void initContactsBackup(UserAccountManager accountManager, BackgroundJobManager backgroundJobManager) {
        ArbitraryDataProvider arbitraryDataProvider = new ArbitraryDataProviderImpl(mContext);
        List<User> users = accountManager.getAllUsers();
        for (User user : users) {
            if (arbitraryDataProvider.getBooleanValue(user, PREFERENCE_CONTACTS_AUTOMATIC_BACKUP)) {
                backgroundJobManager.schedulePeriodicContactsBackup(user);

            }
        }
    }

    private void insertConscrypt() {
        Security.insertProviderAt(Conscrypt.newProvider(), 1);

        try {
            Conscrypt.Version version = Conscrypt.version();
            Log_OC.i(TAG, "Using Conscrypt/"
                + version.major()
                + DOT
                + version.minor()
                + DOT + version.patch()
                + " for TLS");
            SSLEngine engine = SSLContext.getDefault().createSSLEngine();
            Log_OC.i(TAG, "Enabled protocols: " + Arrays.toString(engine.getEnabledProtocols()) + " }");
            Log_OC.i(TAG, "Enabled ciphers: " + Arrays.toString(engine.getEnabledCipherSuites()) + " }");
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            Log_OC.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    @SuppressLint("ApplySharedPref") // commit is done on purpose to write immediately
    private void fixStoragePath() {
        if (!preferences.isStoragePathFixEnabled()) {
            StoragePoint[] storagePoints = DataStorageProvider.getInstance().getAvailableStoragePoints();
            String storagePath = preferences.getStoragePath("");

            if (TextUtils.isEmpty(storagePath)) {
                if (preferences.getLastSeenVersionCode() != 0) {
                    // We already used the app, but no storage is set - fix that!
                    preferences.setStoragePath(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath());
                    preferences.removeKeysMigrationPreference();
                } else {
                    // find internal storage path that's indexable
                    boolean set = false;
                    for (StoragePoint storagePoint : storagePoints) {
                        if (storagePoint.getStorageType() == StoragePoint.StorageType.INTERNAL &&
                            storagePoint.getPrivacyType() == StoragePoint.PrivacyType.PUBLIC) {
                            preferences.setStoragePath(storagePoint.getPath());
                            preferences.removeKeysMigrationPreference();
                            set = true;
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    if (!set) {
                        for (StoragePoint storagePoint : storagePoints) {
                            if (storagePoint.getPrivacyType() == StoragePoint.PrivacyType.PUBLIC) {
                                preferences.setStoragePath(storagePoint.getPath());
                                preferences.removeKeysMigrationPreference();
                                set = true;
                                break;
                            }
                        }

                    }
                }
                preferences.setStoragePathFixEnabled(true);
            } else {
                preferences.removeKeysMigrationPreference();
                preferences.setStoragePathFixEnabled(true);
            }
        }
    }

    private void enableStrictMode() {
        if (BuildConfig.DEBUG && BuildConfig.RUNTIME_PERF_ANALYSIS) {
            Log_OC.d(TAG, "Enabling StrictMode");
            StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder()
                                           .detectDiskReads()
                                           .detectDiskWrites()
                                           .detectAll()
                                           .penaltyLog()
                                           .build());
            StrictMode.setVmPolicy(new StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder()
                                       .detectLeakedSqlLiteObjects()
                                       .detectLeakedClosableObjects()
                                       .penaltyLog()
                                       .build());
        }
    }

    public static void initSyncOperations(
        final AppPreferences preferences,
        final UploadsStorageManager uploadsStorageManager,
        final UserAccountManager accountManager,
        final ConnectivityService connectivityService,
        final PowerManagementService powerManagementService,
        final BackgroundJobManager backgroundJobManager,
        final Clock clock,
        final ViewThemeUtils viewThemeUtils,
        final WalledCheckCache walledCheckCache) {
        updateToAutoUpload();
        cleanOldEntries(clock);
        updateAutoUploadEntries(clock);

        if (getAppContext() != null) {
            if (PermissionUtil.checkExternalStoragePermission(getAppContext())) {
                splitOutAutoUploadEntries(clock, viewThemeUtils);
            } else {
                preferences.setAutoUploadSplitEntriesEnabled(true);
            }
        }

        if (!preferences.isAutoUploadInitialized()) {
            backgroundJobManager.startImmediateFilesSyncJob(false, false);
            preferences.setAutoUploadInit(true);
        }

        FilesSyncHelper.scheduleFilesSyncIfNeeded(mContext, backgroundJobManager);
        FilesSyncHelper.restartJobsIfNeeded(
            uploadsStorageManager,
            accountManager,
            connectivityService,
            powerManagementService);

        backgroundJobManager.scheduleOfflineSync();

        ReceiversHelper.registerNetworkChangeReceiver(uploadsStorageManager,
                                                      accountManager,
                                                      connectivityService,
                                                      powerManagementService,
                                                      walledCheckCache);

        ReceiversHelper.registerPowerChangeReceiver(uploadsStorageManager,
                                                    accountManager,
                                                    connectivityService,
                                                    powerManagementService);

        ReceiversHelper.registerPowerSaveReceiver(uploadsStorageManager,
                                                  accountManager,
                                                  connectivityService,
                                                  powerManagementService);
    }

    public static void notificationChannels() {
        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O && getAppContext() != null) {
            Context context = getAppContext();
            NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager)
                context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

            if (notificationManager != null) {
                createChannel(notificationManager, NotificationUtils.NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_DOWNLOAD,
                              R.string.notification_channel_download_name_short,
                              R.string.notification_channel_download_description, context);

                createChannel(notificationManager, NotificationUtils.NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_UPLOAD,
                              R.string.notification_channel_upload_name_short,
                              R.string.notification_channel_upload_description, context);

                createChannel(notificationManager, NotificationUtils.NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_MEDIA,
                              R.string.notification_channel_media_name,
                              R.string.notification_channel_media_description, context);

                createChannel(notificationManager, NotificationUtils.NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_FILE_SYNC,
                              R.string.notification_channel_file_sync_name,
                              R.string.notification_channel_file_sync_description, context);

                notificationManager.deleteNotificationChannel(NotificationUtils.NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_FILE_OBSERVER);

                createChannel(notificationManager, NotificationUtils.NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_PUSH,
                              R.string.notification_channel_push_name, R.string
                                  .notification_channel_push_description, context, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);

                createChannel(notificationManager, NotificationUtils.NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_GENERAL, R.string
                                  .notification_channel_general_name, R.string.notification_channel_general_description,
                              context, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);
            } else {
                Log_OC.e(TAG, "Notification manager is null");
            }
        }
    }

    private static void createChannel(NotificationManager notificationManager,
                                      String channelId, int channelName,
                                      int channelDescription, Context context) {
        createChannel(notificationManager, channelId, channelName, channelDescription, context,
                      NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW);
    }

    private static void createChannel(NotificationManager notificationManager,
                                      String channelId, int channelName,
                                      int channelDescription, Context context, int importance) {
        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O
            && getAppContext() != null) {
            CharSequence name = context.getString(channelName);
            String description = context.getString(channelDescription);
            NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(channelId, name, importance);

            channel.setDescription(description);
            channel.enableLights(false);
            channel.enableVibration(false);
            notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
        }
    }


    public static Context getAppContext() {
        return MainApp.mContext;
    }

    public static void setAppContext(Context context) {
        MainApp.mContext = context;
    }

    public static String getStoragePath() {
        return MainApp.storagePath;
    }

    public static void setStoragePath(String path) {
        MainApp.storagePath = path;
    }

    // Methods to obtain Strings referring app_name
    //   From AccountAuthenticator
    //   public static final String ACCOUNT_TYPE = "owncloud";
    public static String getAccountType(Context context) {
        return context.getResources().getString(R.string.account_type);
    }

    //  From AccountAuthenticator
    //  public static final String AUTHORITY = "org.owncloud";
    public static String getAuthority() {
        return getAppContext().getResources().getString(R.string.authority);
    }

    //  From AccountAuthenticator
    //  public static final String AUTH_TOKEN_TYPE = "org.owncloud";
    public static String getAuthTokenType() {
        return getAppContext().getResources().getString(R.string.authority);
    }

    //  From ProviderMeta
    //  public static final String DB_FILE = "owncloud.db";
    public static String getDBFile() {
        return getAppContext().getResources().getString(R.string.db_file);
    }

    //  From ProviderMeta
    //  private final String mDatabaseName = "ownCloud";
    public static String getDBName() {
        return getAppContext().getResources().getString(R.string.db_name);
    }

    /**
     * name of data_folder, e.g., "owncloud"
     */
    public static String getDataFolder() {
        return getAppContext().getResources().getString(R.string.data_folder);
    }

    public static void showOnlyFilesOnDevice(boolean state) {
        mOnlyOnDevice = state;
    }


    public static boolean isOnlyOnDevice() {
        return mOnlyOnDevice;
    }

    public static String getUserAgent() {
        // Mozilla/5.0 (Android) Nextcloud-android/2.1.0
        return getUserAgent(R.string.nextcloud_user_agent);
    }

    // user agent
    private static String getUserAgent(@StringRes int agent) {
        String appString = getAppContext().getResources().getString(agent);
        String packageName = getAppContext().getPackageName();
        String version = "";

        try {
            PackageInfo pInfo = getAppContext().getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(packageName, 0);
            if (pInfo != null) {
                version = pInfo.versionName;
            }
        } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
            Log_OC.e(TAG, "Trying to get packageName", e.getCause());
        }

        return String.format(appString, version);
    }

    private static void updateToAutoUpload() {
        Context context = getAppContext();
        AppPreferences preferences = AppPreferencesImpl.fromContext(context);
        if (preferences.instantPictureUploadEnabled() || preferences.instantVideoUploadEnabled()) {
            preferences.removeLegacyPreferences();

            // show info pop-up
            try {
                new AlertDialog.Builder(context, R.style.Theme_ownCloud_Dialog)
                    .setTitle(R.string.drawer_synced_folders)
                    .setMessage(R.string.synced_folders_new_info)
                    .setPositiveButton(R.string.drawer_open, (dialog, which) -> {
                        // show Auto Upload
                        Intent folderSyncIntent = new Intent(context, SyncedFoldersActivity.class);
                        dialog.dismiss();
                        context.startActivity(folderSyncIntent);
                    })
                    .setNegativeButton(R.string.drawer_close, (dialog, which) -> dialog.dismiss())
                    .setIcon(R.drawable.nav_synced_folders)
                    .show();
            } catch (WindowManager.BadTokenException e) {
                Log_OC.i(TAG, "Error showing Auto Upload Update dialog, so skipping it: " + e.getMessage());
            }
        }
    }

    private static void updateAutoUploadEntries(Clock clock) {
        // updates entries to reflect their true paths
        Context context = getAppContext();
        AppPreferences preferences = AppPreferencesImpl.fromContext(context);
        if (!preferences.isAutoUploadPathsUpdateEnabled()) {
            SyncedFolderProvider syncedFolderProvider =
                new SyncedFolderProvider(MainApp.getAppContext().getContentResolver(), preferences, clock);
            syncedFolderProvider.updateAutoUploadPaths(mContext);
        }
    }

    private static void splitOutAutoUploadEntries(Clock clock,
                                                  final ViewThemeUtils viewThemeUtils) {
        Context context = getAppContext();
        AppPreferences preferences = AppPreferencesImpl.fromContext(context);
        if (!preferences.isAutoUploadSplitEntriesEnabled()) {
            // magic to split out existing synced folders in two when needed
            // otherwise, we migrate them to their proper type (image or video)
            Log_OC.i(TAG, "Migrate synced_folders records for image/video split");
            ContentResolver contentResolver = context.getContentResolver();

            SyncedFolderProvider syncedFolderProvider = new SyncedFolderProvider(contentResolver, preferences, clock);

            final List<MediaFolder> imageMediaFolders = MediaProvider.getImageFolders(contentResolver,
                                                                                      1,
                                                                                      null,
                                                                                      true,
                                                                                      viewThemeUtils);
            final List<MediaFolder> videoMediaFolders = MediaProvider.getVideoFolders(contentResolver,
                                                                                      1,
                                                                                      null,
                                                                                      true,
                                                                                      viewThemeUtils);

            ArrayList<Long> idsToDelete = new ArrayList<>();
            List<SyncedFolder> syncedFolders = syncedFolderProvider.getSyncedFolders();
            long primaryKey;
            SyncedFolder newSyncedFolder;
            for (SyncedFolder syncedFolder : syncedFolders) {
                idsToDelete.add(syncedFolder.getId());
                Log_OC.i(TAG, "Migration check for synced_folders record: "
                    + syncedFolder.getId() + " - " + syncedFolder.getLocalPath());

                for (MediaFolder imageMediaFolder : imageMediaFolders) {
                    String absolutePathOfImageFolder = imageMediaFolder.absolutePath;

                    if (absolutePathOfImageFolder != null) {
                        if (absolutePathOfImageFolder.equals(syncedFolder.getLocalPath())) {
                            newSyncedFolder = (SyncedFolder) syncedFolder.clone();
                            newSyncedFolder.setType(MediaFolderType.IMAGE);
                            primaryKey = syncedFolderProvider.storeSyncedFolder(newSyncedFolder);
                            Log_OC.i(TAG, "Migrated image synced_folders record: "
                                + primaryKey + " - " + newSyncedFolder.getLocalPath());
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }

                for (MediaFolder videoMediaFolder : videoMediaFolders) {
                    String absolutePathOfVideoFolder = videoMediaFolder.absolutePath;

                    if (absolutePathOfVideoFolder != null) {
                        if (absolutePathOfVideoFolder.equals(syncedFolder.getLocalPath())) {
                            newSyncedFolder = (SyncedFolder) syncedFolder.clone();
                            newSyncedFolder.setType(MediaFolderType.VIDEO);
                            primaryKey = syncedFolderProvider.storeSyncedFolder(newSyncedFolder);
                            Log_OC.i(TAG, "Migrated video synced_folders record: "
                                + primaryKey + " - " + newSyncedFolder.getLocalPath());
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                }
            }

            for (long id : idsToDelete) {
                Log_OC.i(TAG, "Removing legacy synced_folders record: " + id);
                syncedFolderProvider.deleteSyncedFolder(id);
            }

            preferences.setAutoUploadSplitEntriesEnabled(true);
        }
    }

    private static void cleanOldEntries(Clock clock) {
        // previous versions of application created broken entries in the SyncedFolderProvider
        // database, and this cleans all that and leaves 1 (newest) entry per synced folder

        Context context = getAppContext();
        AppPreferences preferences = AppPreferencesImpl.fromContext(context);

        if (!preferences.isLegacyClean()) {
            SyncedFolderProvider syncedFolderProvider =
                new SyncedFolderProvider(context.getContentResolver(), preferences, clock);

            List<SyncedFolder> syncedFolderList = syncedFolderProvider.getSyncedFolders();
            Map<Pair<String, String>, Long> syncedFolders = new HashMap<>();
            for (SyncedFolder syncedFolder : syncedFolderList) {
                Pair<String, String> checkPair = new Pair<>(syncedFolder.getAccount(), syncedFolder.getLocalPath());
                if (syncedFolders.containsKey(checkPair)) {
                    Long folderId = syncedFolders.get(checkPair);

                    if (folderId != null) {
                        if (syncedFolder.getId() > folderId) {
                            syncedFolders.put(checkPair, syncedFolder.getId());
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    syncedFolders.put(checkPair, syncedFolder.getId());
                }
            }

            ArrayList<Long> ids = new ArrayList<>(syncedFolders.values());

            if (ids.size() > 0) {
                int deletedCount = syncedFolderProvider.deleteSyncedFoldersNotInList(ids);
                if (deletedCount > 0) {
                    preferences.setLegacyClean(true);
                }
            } else {
                preferences.setLegacyClean(true);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public AndroidInjector<Object> androidInjector() {
        return dispatchingAndroidInjector;
    }

    public static void setAppTheme(DarkMode mode) {
        switch (mode) {
            case LIGHT -> AppCompatDelegate.setDefaultNightMode(AppCompatDelegate.MODE_NIGHT_NO);
            case DARK -> AppCompatDelegate.setDefaultNightMode(AppCompatDelegate.MODE_NIGHT_YES);
            case SYSTEM -> AppCompatDelegate.setDefaultNightMode(AppCompatDelegate.MODE_NIGHT_FOLLOW_SYSTEM);
        }
    }
}