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- #
- # The Python Imaging Library
- # $Id$
- #
- # a simple math add-on for the Python Imaging Library
- #
- # History:
- # 1999-02-15 fl Original PIL Plus release
- # 2005-05-05 fl Simplified and cleaned up for PIL 1.1.6
- # 2005-09-12 fl Fixed int() and float() for Python 2.4.1
- #
- # Copyright (c) 1999-2005 by Secret Labs AB
- # Copyright (c) 2005 by Fredrik Lundh
- #
- # See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
- #
- from __future__ import annotations
- import builtins
- from types import CodeType
- from typing import Any, Callable
- from . import Image, _imagingmath
- from ._deprecate import deprecate
- class _Operand:
- """Wraps an image operand, providing standard operators"""
- def __init__(self, im: Image.Image):
- self.im = im
- def __fixup(self, im1: _Operand | float) -> Image.Image:
- # convert image to suitable mode
- if isinstance(im1, _Operand):
- # argument was an image.
- if im1.im.mode in ("1", "L"):
- return im1.im.convert("I")
- elif im1.im.mode in ("I", "F"):
- return im1.im
- else:
- msg = f"unsupported mode: {im1.im.mode}"
- raise ValueError(msg)
- else:
- # argument was a constant
- if isinstance(im1, (int, float)) and self.im.mode in ("1", "L", "I"):
- return Image.new("I", self.im.size, im1)
- else:
- return Image.new("F", self.im.size, im1)
- def apply(
- self,
- op: str,
- im1: _Operand | float,
- im2: _Operand | float | None = None,
- mode: str | None = None,
- ) -> _Operand:
- im_1 = self.__fixup(im1)
- if im2 is None:
- # unary operation
- out = Image.new(mode or im_1.mode, im_1.size, None)
- try:
- op = getattr(_imagingmath, f"{op}_{im_1.mode}")
- except AttributeError as e:
- msg = f"bad operand type for '{op}'"
- raise TypeError(msg) from e
- _imagingmath.unop(op, out.getim(), im_1.getim())
- else:
- # binary operation
- im_2 = self.__fixup(im2)
- if im_1.mode != im_2.mode:
- # convert both arguments to floating point
- if im_1.mode != "F":
- im_1 = im_1.convert("F")
- if im_2.mode != "F":
- im_2 = im_2.convert("F")
- if im_1.size != im_2.size:
- # crop both arguments to a common size
- size = (
- min(im_1.size[0], im_2.size[0]),
- min(im_1.size[1], im_2.size[1]),
- )
- if im_1.size != size:
- im_1 = im_1.crop((0, 0) + size)
- if im_2.size != size:
- im_2 = im_2.crop((0, 0) + size)
- out = Image.new(mode or im_1.mode, im_1.size, None)
- try:
- op = getattr(_imagingmath, f"{op}_{im_1.mode}")
- except AttributeError as e:
- msg = f"bad operand type for '{op}'"
- raise TypeError(msg) from e
- _imagingmath.binop(op, out.getim(), im_1.getim(), im_2.getim())
- return _Operand(out)
- # unary operators
- def __bool__(self) -> bool:
- # an image is "true" if it contains at least one non-zero pixel
- return self.im.getbbox() is not None
- def __abs__(self) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("abs", self)
- def __pos__(self) -> _Operand:
- return self
- def __neg__(self) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("neg", self)
- # binary operators
- def __add__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("add", self, other)
- def __radd__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("add", other, self)
- def __sub__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("sub", self, other)
- def __rsub__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("sub", other, self)
- def __mul__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("mul", self, other)
- def __rmul__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("mul", other, self)
- def __truediv__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("div", self, other)
- def __rtruediv__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("div", other, self)
- def __mod__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("mod", self, other)
- def __rmod__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("mod", other, self)
- def __pow__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("pow", self, other)
- def __rpow__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("pow", other, self)
- # bitwise
- def __invert__(self) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("invert", self)
- def __and__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("and", self, other)
- def __rand__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("and", other, self)
- def __or__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("or", self, other)
- def __ror__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("or", other, self)
- def __xor__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("xor", self, other)
- def __rxor__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("xor", other, self)
- def __lshift__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("lshift", self, other)
- def __rshift__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("rshift", self, other)
- # logical
- def __eq__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand: # type: ignore[override]
- return self.apply("eq", self, other)
- def __ne__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand: # type: ignore[override]
- return self.apply("ne", self, other)
- def __lt__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("lt", self, other)
- def __le__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("le", self, other)
- def __gt__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("gt", self, other)
- def __ge__(self, other: _Operand | float) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("ge", self, other)
- # conversions
- def imagemath_int(self: _Operand) -> _Operand:
- return _Operand(self.im.convert("I"))
- def imagemath_float(self: _Operand) -> _Operand:
- return _Operand(self.im.convert("F"))
- # logical
- def imagemath_equal(self: _Operand, other: _Operand | float | None) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("eq", self, other, mode="I")
- def imagemath_notequal(self: _Operand, other: _Operand | float | None) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("ne", self, other, mode="I")
- def imagemath_min(self: _Operand, other: _Operand | float | None) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("min", self, other)
- def imagemath_max(self: _Operand, other: _Operand | float | None) -> _Operand:
- return self.apply("max", self, other)
- def imagemath_convert(self: _Operand, mode: str) -> _Operand:
- return _Operand(self.im.convert(mode))
- ops = {
- "int": imagemath_int,
- "float": imagemath_float,
- "equal": imagemath_equal,
- "notequal": imagemath_notequal,
- "min": imagemath_min,
- "max": imagemath_max,
- "convert": imagemath_convert,
- }
- def lambda_eval(
- expression: Callable[[dict[str, Any]], Any],
- options: dict[str, Any] = {},
- **kw: Any,
- ) -> Any:
- """
- Returns the result of an image function.
- :py:mod:`~PIL.ImageMath` only supports single-layer images. To process multi-band
- images, use the :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.split` method or
- :py:func:`~PIL.Image.merge` function.
- :param expression: A function that receives a dictionary.
- :param options: Values to add to the function's dictionary. Deprecated.
- You can instead use one or more keyword arguments.
- :param **kw: Values to add to the function's dictionary.
- :return: The expression result. This is usually an image object, but can
- also be an integer, a floating point value, or a pixel tuple,
- depending on the expression.
- """
- if options:
- deprecate(
- "ImageMath.lambda_eval options",
- 12,
- "ImageMath.lambda_eval keyword arguments",
- )
- args: dict[str, Any] = ops.copy()
- args.update(options)
- args.update(kw)
- for k, v in args.items():
- if isinstance(v, Image.Image):
- args[k] = _Operand(v)
- out = expression(args)
- try:
- return out.im
- except AttributeError:
- return out
- def unsafe_eval(
- expression: str,
- options: dict[str, Any] = {},
- **kw: Any,
- ) -> Any:
- """
- Evaluates an image expression. This uses Python's ``eval()`` function to process
- the expression string, and carries the security risks of doing so. It is not
- recommended to process expressions without considering this.
- :py:meth:`~lambda_eval` is a more secure alternative.
- :py:mod:`~PIL.ImageMath` only supports single-layer images. To process multi-band
- images, use the :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.split` method or
- :py:func:`~PIL.Image.merge` function.
- :param expression: A string containing a Python-style expression.
- :param options: Values to add to the evaluation context. Deprecated.
- You can instead use one or more keyword arguments.
- :param **kw: Values to add to the evaluation context.
- :return: The evaluated expression. This is usually an image object, but can
- also be an integer, a floating point value, or a pixel tuple,
- depending on the expression.
- """
- if options:
- deprecate(
- "ImageMath.unsafe_eval options",
- 12,
- "ImageMath.unsafe_eval keyword arguments",
- )
- # build execution namespace
- args: dict[str, Any] = ops.copy()
- for k in list(options.keys()) + list(kw.keys()):
- if "__" in k or hasattr(builtins, k):
- msg = f"'{k}' not allowed"
- raise ValueError(msg)
- args.update(options)
- args.update(kw)
- for k, v in args.items():
- if isinstance(v, Image.Image):
- args[k] = _Operand(v)
- compiled_code = compile(expression, "<string>", "eval")
- def scan(code: CodeType) -> None:
- for const in code.co_consts:
- if type(const) is type(compiled_code):
- scan(const)
- for name in code.co_names:
- if name not in args and name != "abs":
- msg = f"'{name}' not allowed"
- raise ValueError(msg)
- scan(compiled_code)
- out = builtins.eval(expression, {"__builtins": {"abs": abs}}, args)
- try:
- return out.im
- except AttributeError:
- return out
- def eval(
- expression: str,
- _dict: dict[str, Any] = {},
- **kw: Any,
- ) -> Any:
- """
- Evaluates an image expression.
- Deprecated. Use lambda_eval() or unsafe_eval() instead.
- :param expression: A string containing a Python-style expression.
- :param _dict: Values to add to the evaluation context. You
- can either use a dictionary, or one or more keyword
- arguments.
- :return: The evaluated expression. This is usually an image object, but can
- also be an integer, a floating point value, or a pixel tuple,
- depending on the expression.
- .. deprecated:: 10.3.0
- """
- deprecate(
- "ImageMath.eval",
- 12,
- "ImageMath.lambda_eval or ImageMath.unsafe_eval",
- )
- return unsafe_eval(expression, _dict, **kw)
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