SpiderImagePlugin.py 9.9 KB

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  1. #
  2. # The Python Imaging Library.
  3. #
  4. # SPIDER image file handling
  5. #
  6. # History:
  7. # 2004-08-02 Created BB
  8. # 2006-03-02 added save method
  9. # 2006-03-13 added support for stack images
  10. #
  11. # Copyright (c) 2004 by Health Research Inc. (HRI) RENSSELAER, NY 12144.
  12. # Copyright (c) 2004 by William Baxter.
  13. # Copyright (c) 2004 by Secret Labs AB.
  14. # Copyright (c) 2004 by Fredrik Lundh.
  15. #
  16. ##
  17. # Image plugin for the Spider image format. This format is used
  18. # by the SPIDER software, in processing image data from electron
  19. # microscopy and tomography.
  20. ##
  21. #
  22. # SpiderImagePlugin.py
  23. #
  24. # The Spider image format is used by SPIDER software, in processing
  25. # image data from electron microscopy and tomography.
  26. #
  27. # Spider home page:
  28. # https://spider.wadsworth.org/spider_doc/spider/docs/spider.html
  29. #
  30. # Details about the Spider image format:
  31. # https://spider.wadsworth.org/spider_doc/spider/docs/image_doc.html
  32. #
  33. from __future__ import annotations
  34. import os
  35. import struct
  36. import sys
  37. from typing import IO, TYPE_CHECKING, Any, cast
  38. from . import Image, ImageFile
  39. def isInt(f: Any) -> int:
  40. try:
  41. i = int(f)
  42. if f - i == 0:
  43. return 1
  44. else:
  45. return 0
  46. except (ValueError, OverflowError):
  47. return 0
  48. iforms = [1, 3, -11, -12, -21, -22]
  49. # There is no magic number to identify Spider files, so just check a
  50. # series of header locations to see if they have reasonable values.
  51. # Returns no. of bytes in the header, if it is a valid Spider header,
  52. # otherwise returns 0
  53. def isSpiderHeader(t: tuple[float, ...]) -> int:
  54. h = (99,) + t # add 1 value so can use spider header index start=1
  55. # header values 1,2,5,12,13,22,23 should be integers
  56. for i in [1, 2, 5, 12, 13, 22, 23]:
  57. if not isInt(h[i]):
  58. return 0
  59. # check iform
  60. iform = int(h[5])
  61. if iform not in iforms:
  62. return 0
  63. # check other header values
  64. labrec = int(h[13]) # no. records in file header
  65. labbyt = int(h[22]) # total no. of bytes in header
  66. lenbyt = int(h[23]) # record length in bytes
  67. if labbyt != (labrec * lenbyt):
  68. return 0
  69. # looks like a valid header
  70. return labbyt
  71. def isSpiderImage(filename: str) -> int:
  72. with open(filename, "rb") as fp:
  73. f = fp.read(92) # read 23 * 4 bytes
  74. t = struct.unpack(">23f", f) # try big-endian first
  75. hdrlen = isSpiderHeader(t)
  76. if hdrlen == 0:
  77. t = struct.unpack("<23f", f) # little-endian
  78. hdrlen = isSpiderHeader(t)
  79. return hdrlen
  80. class SpiderImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
  81. format = "SPIDER"
  82. format_description = "Spider 2D image"
  83. _close_exclusive_fp_after_loading = False
  84. def _open(self) -> None:
  85. # check header
  86. n = 27 * 4 # read 27 float values
  87. f = self.fp.read(n)
  88. try:
  89. self.bigendian = 1
  90. t = struct.unpack(">27f", f) # try big-endian first
  91. hdrlen = isSpiderHeader(t)
  92. if hdrlen == 0:
  93. self.bigendian = 0
  94. t = struct.unpack("<27f", f) # little-endian
  95. hdrlen = isSpiderHeader(t)
  96. if hdrlen == 0:
  97. msg = "not a valid Spider file"
  98. raise SyntaxError(msg)
  99. except struct.error as e:
  100. msg = "not a valid Spider file"
  101. raise SyntaxError(msg) from e
  102. h = (99,) + t # add 1 value : spider header index starts at 1
  103. iform = int(h[5])
  104. if iform != 1:
  105. msg = "not a Spider 2D image"
  106. raise SyntaxError(msg)
  107. self._size = int(h[12]), int(h[2]) # size in pixels (width, height)
  108. self.istack = int(h[24])
  109. self.imgnumber = int(h[27])
  110. if self.istack == 0 and self.imgnumber == 0:
  111. # stk=0, img=0: a regular 2D image
  112. offset = hdrlen
  113. self._nimages = 1
  114. elif self.istack > 0 and self.imgnumber == 0:
  115. # stk>0, img=0: Opening the stack for the first time
  116. self.imgbytes = int(h[12]) * int(h[2]) * 4
  117. self.hdrlen = hdrlen
  118. self._nimages = int(h[26])
  119. # Point to the first image in the stack
  120. offset = hdrlen * 2
  121. self.imgnumber = 1
  122. elif self.istack == 0 and self.imgnumber > 0:
  123. # stk=0, img>0: an image within the stack
  124. offset = hdrlen + self.stkoffset
  125. self.istack = 2 # So Image knows it's still a stack
  126. else:
  127. msg = "inconsistent stack header values"
  128. raise SyntaxError(msg)
  129. if self.bigendian:
  130. self.rawmode = "F;32BF"
  131. else:
  132. self.rawmode = "F;32F"
  133. self._mode = "F"
  134. self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offset, self.rawmode)]
  135. self._fp = self.fp # FIXME: hack
  136. @property
  137. def n_frames(self) -> int:
  138. return self._nimages
  139. @property
  140. def is_animated(self) -> bool:
  141. return self._nimages > 1
  142. # 1st image index is zero (although SPIDER imgnumber starts at 1)
  143. def tell(self) -> int:
  144. if self.imgnumber < 1:
  145. return 0
  146. else:
  147. return self.imgnumber - 1
  148. def seek(self, frame: int) -> None:
  149. if self.istack == 0:
  150. msg = "attempt to seek in a non-stack file"
  151. raise EOFError(msg)
  152. if not self._seek_check(frame):
  153. return
  154. self.stkoffset = self.hdrlen + frame * (self.hdrlen + self.imgbytes)
  155. self.fp = self._fp
  156. self.fp.seek(self.stkoffset)
  157. self._open()
  158. # returns a byte image after rescaling to 0..255
  159. def convert2byte(self, depth: int = 255) -> Image.Image:
  160. extrema = self.getextrema()
  161. assert isinstance(extrema[0], float)
  162. minimum, maximum = cast(tuple[float, float], extrema)
  163. m: float = 1
  164. if maximum != minimum:
  165. m = depth / (maximum - minimum)
  166. b = -m * minimum
  167. return self.point(lambda i: i * m + b).convert("L")
  168. if TYPE_CHECKING:
  169. from . import ImageTk
  170. # returns a ImageTk.PhotoImage object, after rescaling to 0..255
  171. def tkPhotoImage(self) -> ImageTk.PhotoImage:
  172. from . import ImageTk
  173. return ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.convert2byte(), palette=256)
  174. # --------------------------------------------------------------------
  175. # Image series
  176. # given a list of filenames, return a list of images
  177. def loadImageSeries(filelist: list[str] | None = None) -> list[Image.Image] | None:
  178. """create a list of :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image` objects for use in a montage"""
  179. if filelist is None or len(filelist) < 1:
  180. return None
  181. byte_imgs = []
  182. for img in filelist:
  183. if not os.path.exists(img):
  184. print(f"unable to find {img}")
  185. continue
  186. try:
  187. with Image.open(img) as im:
  188. assert isinstance(im, SpiderImageFile)
  189. byte_im = im.convert2byte()
  190. except Exception:
  191. if not isSpiderImage(img):
  192. print(f"{img} is not a Spider image file")
  193. continue
  194. byte_im.info["filename"] = img
  195. byte_imgs.append(byte_im)
  196. return byte_imgs
  197. # --------------------------------------------------------------------
  198. # For saving images in Spider format
  199. def makeSpiderHeader(im: Image.Image) -> list[bytes]:
  200. nsam, nrow = im.size
  201. lenbyt = nsam * 4 # There are labrec records in the header
  202. labrec = int(1024 / lenbyt)
  203. if 1024 % lenbyt != 0:
  204. labrec += 1
  205. labbyt = labrec * lenbyt
  206. nvalues = int(labbyt / 4)
  207. if nvalues < 23:
  208. return []
  209. hdr = [0.0] * nvalues
  210. # NB these are Fortran indices
  211. hdr[1] = 1.0 # nslice (=1 for an image)
  212. hdr[2] = float(nrow) # number of rows per slice
  213. hdr[3] = float(nrow) # number of records in the image
  214. hdr[5] = 1.0 # iform for 2D image
  215. hdr[12] = float(nsam) # number of pixels per line
  216. hdr[13] = float(labrec) # number of records in file header
  217. hdr[22] = float(labbyt) # total number of bytes in header
  218. hdr[23] = float(lenbyt) # record length in bytes
  219. # adjust for Fortran indexing
  220. hdr = hdr[1:]
  221. hdr.append(0.0)
  222. # pack binary data into a string
  223. return [struct.pack("f", v) for v in hdr]
  224. def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
  225. if im.mode[0] != "F":
  226. im = im.convert("F")
  227. hdr = makeSpiderHeader(im)
  228. if len(hdr) < 256:
  229. msg = "Error creating Spider header"
  230. raise OSError(msg)
  231. # write the SPIDER header
  232. fp.writelines(hdr)
  233. rawmode = "F;32NF" # 32-bit native floating point
  234. ImageFile._save(im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])
  235. def _save_spider(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
  236. # get the filename extension and register it with Image
  237. filename_ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[1]
  238. ext = filename_ext.decode() if isinstance(filename_ext, bytes) else filename_ext
  239. Image.register_extension(SpiderImageFile.format, ext)
  240. _save(im, fp, filename)
  241. # --------------------------------------------------------------------
  242. Image.register_open(SpiderImageFile.format, SpiderImageFile)
  243. Image.register_save(SpiderImageFile.format, _save_spider)
  244. if __name__ == "__main__":
  245. if len(sys.argv) < 2:
  246. print("Syntax: python3 SpiderImagePlugin.py [infile] [outfile]")
  247. sys.exit()
  248. filename = sys.argv[1]
  249. if not isSpiderImage(filename):
  250. print("input image must be in Spider format")
  251. sys.exit()
  252. with Image.open(filename) as im:
  253. print(f"image: {im}")
  254. print(f"format: {im.format}")
  255. print(f"size: {im.size}")
  256. print(f"mode: {im.mode}")
  257. print("max, min: ", end=" ")
  258. print(im.getextrema())
  259. if len(sys.argv) > 2:
  260. outfile = sys.argv[2]
  261. # perform some image operation
  262. im = im.transpose(Image.Transpose.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT)
  263. print(
  264. f"saving a flipped version of {os.path.basename(filename)} "
  265. f"as {outfile} "
  266. )
  267. im.save(outfile, SpiderImageFile.format)